The Close Of The First World War - 1510 Words

The close of the First World War brought with it sweeping changes in the cultural climate of European intellectuals. One such change was the gradual shift of socialist theory eastward into the nascent Soviet Union. This left a large void in previous centers of European socialist thought; most notably the ensuing vacuum of ideological orientation among left-wing German intellectuals. This vacuum predicated the founding of the Frankfurt School at the Institut fà ¼r Sozialforschung. The theorists of the Frankfurt School quickly became a revitalizing force in orthodox western European Marxism. One of the most famous of the first generation critical theorists of the Frankfurt School was Herbert Marcuse. Marcuse’s various lifetime contributions to†¦show more content†¦Marcusean Marxism is largely aligned with thinkers such as Luxemberg, and generally opposed to socialist philosophies that took inspiration from Leninism (Aronowitz 1999). Herbert Marcuse was born on July 19t h, 1898 in the city of Berlin, Germany. Marcuse’s childhood, in his own words, was typical of upper-middle class German Jews whose family was well integrated into contemporary society (Kellner 1984). In 1922 Marcuse received his Ph.D in literature (Kellner 2010). In 1933 Marcuse was offered a position at the Frankfurt School, but he was forced to flee the Nazi rise to power the following year in 1934 (Kellner 2010). He immigrated to the United States where he would remain for the rest of his life (Kellner 2010). Marcuse became a naturalized US citizen in 1940 and joined the Office of War Information in 1942 (Kellner 2010). He was transferred to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) in 1943 and remained there until the closure of the OSS in 1945 (Kellner 2010). He remained active in government until the death of his wife in 1951 (Kellner 2010). Marcuse lectured on Soviet Marxism at Columbia University from 1952-1952 and at Harvard University from 1954-1955 (Kellner 2010). Marcuse published Eros and Civilization in 1955 (Kellner 2010). Marcuse was appointed to the faculty of Brandeis University in 1958 (Kellner 2010). Marcuse published what may be hisShow MoreRelatedRelations Between The United States And The Soviet Union1232 Words   |  5 PagesRelations between the United States and the Soviet Union have always been complicated. Over the entire 20th century they have been close allies to bitter rivals. The stark differences in each of their political systems prevented the USA and the USSR from maintaining a close political friendship and understanding, and even to the very edge of war. The major differences between the two are their preferred styles of government, capitalism and communism. 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